Pilularia globulifera, commonly known as pillwort, is a unique and fascinating aquatic fern species. It is characterized by its spherical sporocarps that resemble small green peas.

Here is a detailed description and care guide for Pilularia globulifera:

Description:
Pilularia globulifera is a small aquatic fern that typically grows in shallow, freshwater environments such as ponds, marshes, and wetlands. It features slender, green stems with fine, needle-like leaves that are arranged in whorls along the stem. The sporocarps, which contain the plant's reproductive structures, are small, spherical, and green in color, resembling tiny green beads. They are typically found at the base of the plant and provide an interesting visual aspect.

Care Guide:

Lighting: Pilularia globulifera can tolerate a wide range of lighting conditions. It can thrive in both moderate and low-light environments. However, providing moderate lighting (around 2-3 watts per gallon) can encourage healthier growth and more vibrant coloration.

Water Parameters: This plant prefers slightly acidic to neutral water conditions with a pH range of 6.5-7.5. The temperature should be kept between 18-25°C (64-77°F). It is important to maintain good water quality by performing regular water changes and monitoring ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate levels.

Substrate: While Pilularia globulifera can tolerate a variety of substrates, a nutrient-rich substrate or a layer of aquatic soil can provide it with essential nutrients. A fine-grained substrate or sand is suitable for this plant.

CO2 and Fertilization: CO2 supplementation is not required for Pilularia globulifera, but it can benefit from regular liquid fertilization. Use a comprehensive liquid fertilizer to provide essential nutrients, particularly micronutrients, to support healthy growth.

Propagation: Pilularia globulifera can reproduce through spores produced in its sporocarps. However, propagating this plant from spores can be challenging. It is more commonly propagated through vegetative means, such as dividing the rhizomes or separating new plantlets that develop from the main plant.

Pruning: Regular pruning is not necessary for Pilularia globulifera, as it tends to grow slowly and doesn't become overly dense. However, you can trim back any excessive growth to maintain its appearance and prevent overcrowding.

Compatibility: Pilularia globulifera is generally compatible with a wide range of peaceful fish and invertebrates. It can provide shelter and hiding spots for small aquatic creatures.

Pilularia globulifera is a unique and visually appealing addition to aquatic setups. With proper care and maintenance, it can thrive and contribute to a natural and captivating aquatic environment. Regular observation and adjustments to care parameters will help ensure the health and vitality of this interesting aquatic fern.